The Role of Emotions in The Formation of Social Relationships in Primary School-Age Children: A Psychological and Educational Approach
Kata kunci:
social relations, emotional formation, children of primary school age
Abstrak
The present study aims to examine the influence of emotions on the formation of social interactions among primary school-aged children in Malang City. The research sample consisted of two hundred children selected randomly from ten public or private elementary schools. The frequency and intensity of children's emotional expressions and emotional management abilities were primarily assessed through questionnaires and observation guides. Diverse aspects of social interactions and emotions were evaluated using a Likert scale ranging from "very rarely" to "very often" on a scale of 1 to 5. Multiple linear regression was utilized to examine the relationship between emotional regulation and relationship quality, and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Algorithm was implemented to assess the validity of the instruments. Significant positive correlations were observed between the number of peers one has and the degree of happiness expressed. However, no observable correlation was found between the number of acquaintances or social interactions and emotions of sadness or rage.
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Referensi
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Twenge, Jean M., Ryne A. Sherman, and Sonja Lyubomirsky. 2016. “More Happiness for Young People and Less for Mature Adults: Time Period Differences in Subjective Well-Being in the United States, 1972–2014.” Social Psychological and Personality Science 7(2):131–41. doi: 10.1177/1948550615602933.
Anjarwati, Sri, Andriya Risdwiyanto, M., and dkk. 2024. METODOLOGI PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF. CV Rey Media Grafika.
Brackett, Marc A., and Susan E. Rivers. 2014. “Transforming Students’ Lives with Social and Emotional Learning.” International Handbook of Emotions in Education 368–88. doi: 10.4324/9780203148211.
Bryman, A. 2016. Social Research Methods. Oxford University Press.
Campbell, Susan B., Susanne A. Denham, Grace Z. Howarth, Stephanie M. Jones, Jessica Vick Whittaker, Amanda P. Williford, Michael T. Willoughby, Monica Yudron, and Kristen Darling-Churchill. 2016. “Commentary on the Review of Measures of Early Childhood Social and Emotional Development: Conceptualization, Critique, and Recommendations.” Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 45:19–41. doi 10.1016/j.appdev.2016.01.008.
Creswell, John W. 2014. Research Design : Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE, Thousand Oaks.
Denham, Susanne A., David E. Ferrier, Grace Z. Howarth, Kristina J. Herndon, and Hideko H. Bassett. 2019. “Key Considerations in Assessing Young Children’s Emotional Competence.” P. 19 in Social and Emotional Learning. Routledge.
Don, Brian P., Jeffry A. Simpson, Barbara L. Fredrickson, and Sara B. Algoe. 2024. “Interparental Positivity Spillover Theory: How Parents’ Positive Relational Interactions Influence Children.” Perspectives on Psychological Science. Doi: 10.1177/17456916231220626.
Elias, M., J. E. Zins, and R. P. Weissberg. 1997. Promoting Social and Emotional Learning: Guidelines for Educators. Ascd.
Fredrickson, Barbara L. 2001. “The Role of Positive Emotions in Positive Psychology: The Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions.” American Psychologist 56(3):218–26. doi: 10.1037//0003-066x.56.3.218.
Harker, Lee Anne, and Dacher Keltner. 2001. “Expressions of Positive Emotion in Women’s College Yearbook Pictures and Their Relationship to Personality and Life Outcomes across Adulthood.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 80(1):112–24. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.80.1.112.
Johnson, Stacy R., Kristy J. Finlon, and Carroll E. Izard. 2016. “The Development and Validation of the Behavior and Emotion Expression Observation System to Characterize Preschoolers’ Social and Emotional Interactions.” Early Education and Development 27(7):896–913. doi: 10.1080/10409289.2016.1175241.
Khanna, Pulkit, and Kamlesh Singh. 2019. “Do All Positive Psychology Exercises Work for Everyone? Replication of Seligman et Al.’s (2005) Interventions among Adolescents.” Psychological Studies 64(1):1–10. doi: 10.1007/s12646-019-00477-3.
Layous, Kristin, S. Katherine Nelson, Eva Oberle, Kimberly A. Schonert-Reichl, and Sonja Lyubomirsky. 2012. “Kindness Counts: Prompting Prosocial Behavior in Preadolescents Boosts Peer Acceptance and Well-Being.” PLoS ONE 7(12):7–9. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051380.
Lin, Shurong, Mark Bun, Marco Gaboardi, Eric D. Kolaczyk, and Adam Smith. 2024. “Differentially Private Confidence Intervals for Proportions under Stratified Random Sampling.” Electronic Journal of Statistics 18(1):1455–94. doi: 10.1214/24-EJS2234.
Lyubomirsky, Sonja, and Kristin Layous. 2013. “How Do Simple Positive Activities Increase Well-Being?” Current Directions in Psychological Science 22(1):57–62. doi: 10.1177/0963721412469809.
Maxwell, J. A. 2012. Qualitative Research Design: An Interactive Approach. Sage Publications, Inc.
Nadia, Deni Okta, Neviyarni Suhaili, and Irdamurni. 2023. “Peran Interaksi Sosial Dalam Perkembangan Emosional Anak Sekolah Dasar.” Jurnal Pendas 08(1):2727–38.
Nilsen, Toril Sørheim, Bjørn Helge Handegård, Martin Eisemann, and Siv Kvernmo. 2016. “Predictors of Rate of Change for Children and Youth with Emotional Disorders: A Naturalistic Observational Study.” Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health 10(1):1–11. doi: 10.1186/s13034-016-0098-3.
Parker, Jeffrey G., Kenneth H. Rubin, Stephen A. Erath, Julie C. Wojsklawowicz, and Allison A. Buskirk. 2006. “Peer Relationships and Developmental Psychopathology.” (September 2016):418–93.
Saarni, C. 1999. The Development of Emotional Competence. Guilford press.
Seligman, Martin E. P., Randal M. Ernst, Jane Gillham, Karen Reivich, and Mark Linkins. 2009. “Positive Education: Positive Psychology and Classroom Interventions.” Oxford Review of Education 35(3):293–311. doi: 10.1080/03054980902934563.
Sugiyono, Sugiyono. 2021. “The Evaluation of Facilities and Infrastructure Standards Achievement of Vocational High School in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.” Jurnal Penelitian Dan Evaluasi Pendidikan 25(2):207–17. doi: 10.21831/pep.v25i2.46002.
Twenge, Jean M., Ryne A. Sherman, and Sonja Lyubomirsky. 2016. “More Happiness for Young People and Less for Mature Adults: Time Period Differences in Subjective Well-Being in the United States, 1972–2014.” Social Psychological and Personality Science 7(2):131–41. doi: 10.1177/1948550615602933.
Diterbitkan
2024-06-10
Bentuk Sitasi
Ertanti, Devi, Fattah Hanurawan, and Oktaviani Suciptaningsih. MODELING: Jurnal Program Studi PGMI 11, no. 2 (June 10, 2024): 16-25. Accessed March 19, 2025. https://jurnal.stitnualhikmah.ac.id/index.php/modeling/article/view/2307.
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Articles
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